1. Malo omangira: Pamafunika kuti apanikizidwe, afulati, opingasa, ndi kuchotsa zotuluka zakuthwa. 2. Kuyika kwa gridi: Pamalo athyathyathya komanso ophatikizika, mphamvu yayikulu yolowera (longitudinal) ya gridi yomwe idayikidwayo iyenera kukhala yolumikizana ndi axis ya mpanda, ndikuyikako kuyenera kukhala kosalala, w...
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